Project 2.1

What do the following people have in common?
Ira Glasser, executive director of the ACLU
Bram Stoker, author of Dracula
David Robinson, basketball star
Ed Thorpe, inventor of programmed-trading on Wall Street
Clifford Brown, 1950s jazz trumpeter

Project 2.2

Here is a problem by Bob Stanton from the 1998 issue of Games magazine which you can use to test your logical reasoning.


"For her school's Science Fair, your niece has pasted a deck of cards onto a board to illustrate the 10 standard poker hands. You promised to deliver her project to the school auditorium. Unfortunately, most of the cards fell off as you carried the board across the parking lot. You recovered the cards, but now you have to repair the damage. Without moving any of the remaining cards, can you construct the 10 hands on the board preferable before your niece arrives?
Note: the ace of hearts is part of the four-of-a-kind hand."

Project 2.3

Do some research to explain the differences between the words necessary and sufficient.

Project 2.4

Sometimes statements p and q are described as contradictory, contrary, or inconsistent. Consult a logic text, and then define these terms using truth tables.

References:

The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/u/universa.htm

Introduction to Options
http://www.sjsu.edu/depts/itl/graphics/options/options.html

Project 2.5

Between now and the end of the course, look for logical arguments in newspapers, periodicals, and books. Translate these arguments into symbolic form. Turn in as many of them as you find. Be sure to indicate where you found each argument.

Project 2.6

Suppose a prisoner must make a choice between two doors. One door leads to freedom and the other door is booby-trapped so that it leads to death. The doors are labeled as follows:
Door 1: This door leads to freedom and the other door leads to death.
Door 2: One of these doors leads to freedom and the one of these doors leads to death.
If exactly one of the signs is true, which door should the prisoner choose? Give reasons for your answer.

Project 2.7

Convention Problem. A mathematician attended a convention of men and women scientists. The mathematician observed that if any two of them were picked at random, at least one of the two would be male. From this information, it is possible to deduce what percentage of the attendees were women?

Project 2.8

Flower Problem. Three students visited a very patriotic garden of red, white, and blue flowers, but in addition there were some yellow flowers. One student observed that if any four flowers were picked, one of them would be red. Another observed that if any four were picked, at least one of them would be blue. The third shouted that if four were picked, one would be yellow. Does this necessarily mean that if any four were picked, one would be white?

Project 2.9

Baseball Problem. Nine men play the positions on a baseball team. Their names are Brown, White, Adams, Miller, Green, Hunter, Knight, Smith, and Jones. Determine from the following information the position played by each man.
a. Brown and Smith each won $10 playing poker with the pitcher.
b. Hunter is taller than Knight and shorter than White, but all three weigh more than the first baseman.
c. The third baseman lives across the corridor from Jones in the same apartment house. Miller and the outfielders play bridge in their spare time. White, Miller, Brown, the right fielder, and the center fielder are bachelors, and the rest are married.
d. Of Adams and Knight, one plays an outfield position.
e. The right fielder is shorter than the center fielder.
f. The third baseman is a brother of the pitcher's wife.
g. Green is taller than the infielders, the pitcher, and the catcher except for Jones, Smith, and Adams.
h. The second baseman beat Jones, Brown, Hunter, and the catcher at cards.
i. The third baseman, the shortstop, and Hunter each made $150 speculating in General Motors stock.
j. The second baseman is engaged to Miller's sister.
k. Adams lives in the same apartment house as his own sister but dislikes the catcher.
l. Adams, Brown, and the shortstop each lost $200 speculating in grain.
m. The catcher has three daughters, the third baseman has two sons, and Green is being sued for divorce.

Project 2.10

Build a simple device which will add single digit numbers.

References:

Circuit design
http://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/leblanc/csc173/proplogic/circuits.html